Process of treating bran and a product obtained thereby.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN H. QUINE, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

PROCESS OF TREATING BRAN AND A PRODUCT OBTAINED THEREBY.

No Drawing.

T 0 alt whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JouN H. QIIINE, of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful h'l'iproveinents in the Process of Tlreating Brain and a Product ()btinned Thereby; and I do declare the fol lowing to bee full, clear, and exact descrip tion of the smne.

lVIy present invention relates to the re;- covery from cereals or grains of the mineral n'mtter, whitu' usuully disourdedfin the manufacture of flour, in such at form that it may be conveniently added to fiour to enrich the nutritive qualities of bread, pastry or other articles in which it is employed as an ingredient.- j v It is Well knownthat W out flour and other flour which is largely used in the manufa-cture of white bread, when'produced by the usual nnllingprocess, is deficie ntin min oral matter. This is due to the SQP HIEIt-IOIII of the bran, which 1s1r1ehest- 1n nnneral matter, from the flour, so that the letter seldom c-(mtains more than one-half of one percent;

of such n'i'ineral' matter.i Heretofore there has been an ob ect-ion to theuse of entire" :wheatflournnd otherflours,containing all or a portion of the bran in lIhGWllOlB grain on account of its dar color and the. conip11 ratively large proportion of Woody fiber consumed -With the flour Which-has been found to reuse an irritationof the intestines.

1n thepresent invention I-provide an improved method of-treatingthe bra-n vderived 't'ron'i the grain in the process of-inanufiicturing flour, -whereby anew producteon-- taining the valuable mineral inlatteif in the bran, consisting 'ehiefly of the phosphates of sodiuni, potassiuni, caloiunfr, magnesium and iron,'n1ay' be extrtcteditndthe woody fiber" discarded.

. As is Xiellknowntpartof the mineral, i nert-tor contained in bra'n 1s soluble' n irate-r,

and part 1S Insoluble int-hat nienstruuni. I,

therefore, firstextraet the water-soluble nor t-ion, as;-for exa'niple,- hy'heatin'g'one hundr ed (100);pbundis0f clean brain-tree from,

' dust, with. about seventy-fiye (7.5)-Jgul lons of water." Tlhemixthre is preferably boiled" in a' 'stemmjaoketedkettle, Iuntii the liquid has evaporated to abouitl'fift-y, gallons in'.'voli 11i1e.;-' this treatment; the soluble" phosphatesfl'iot; sodium .potassiu'nn t'ov Specification of Letters Patent.

' Application filed July 29. 1907. Serial No. 386,121.

and Water, in this'instunce forty lons'of water; more or less, and-one pound I do not limit my- Patented Feb, 27. 1912.

getherwiih starch and-gluten, are extracted, and the cercnlin, 111]objectionable ferment found lllb n-n, 1S r l(. :-;t1'-oye .l. The liquid is tl'len'strained, and the solution containingthe water dissolved constituents set aside; The reuuiining portion of bran contains; the insoluble phosphates Off calcium, niugi'icsiuin and iron, together with u siimll percentage of other niii'icrnl matter, besides organic matter. To this is added an acid solvent Of hyijirochlorie acid. self tohydrochlorn: acid, as other acids, Such jas-lzietic and phosphorie, may he used but I prefer the former.

The acid n ture is now heated, preferably boiled for t *0 or three hours, and then strained, and the )lid matter Washed with warm waiter 'until'the washings show no-ncid reaction. The i-vnshings fire added to the separated liquid unitstarchy .nnitter contained thereinythe acid filtrate containspractieally'nll the extractive na tter left in the bra n with Water i'ilone. The liquid eontainingthe acid dissolved constituents, 'Sl'iOLl-lCl now be.-

ee-re'fullyneutralized with unfalkali, preferathe process of bread.-innking.I To extra-ct after the treatment ten, and-set" aside. Hydrochloric acidi'being a "solvent for the phosphates of ezil'ciuminiaig- 'nesium and iron, and fo'rthe other insoluble: mineral matter in bran, "and also for the *bly sodium hydratetrestilting, ifhydroehloric acid be the soli' e'nt, in the formation of so--.. .diuni ehlorid or common salt, .Wli-ieh vis 'eiitirely 'unohjectioi-nible, and Whileh' is used, in

the gluten other Organic mat-te s either lk alkaline solution;

to dissolve the eelliil'ose oi woody fibery-sa'y one 'poundf-of asten per cent.- solution) -and heated, preferably boiled for: one houia {The unity tlienjbe strained; the. rzlztedalk li e Id'iss'olv'ec'l constituents exa-etl neutralized with a acid, preferably-hydroa 1 chlori'caeidl The nfn'ire -is J-now discn'rd ed- I and the disi olved constituents, or th'efresult ant extracts from theforegohig-operai after .ineutralizzitiont are c oinb ine.

and it, i desired, the "wholererefully e x qirporated 'at- 5a. low temperature, preferablyin bag '1' scribed contains all 0 dryness, and the product finally reduced to powder. The resultant product contains all the valuable extractive matter of the bran,

The approximate compositionof the prodnot is as follows:

Moisture 12.00 p. c. Nitrogenous substancess 18. 00 p. c. Fat x 5. 00 p. c. Carbohydrates 55.00 p. c. Ash 10.00 p.c

Of the ash,- approximately 85% consists of the phosphates of potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, and iron, together with traces of manganese and calcium fiuorid, and silica. The balance, 5 consists of sodium chlorid.

I do not desire'to limit myself to extraction at the boiling temperature of Water, as a lower temperature may be found more suitable in practice.

In milling grain, such as Wheat, the yield of bran is about thirty-eight pounds from everytwo hundred pounds of grain, the nutrient qualities of which bran may be replaced by adding to every two hundred pounds of flour about ten pounds of. the

above described product. While it is more convenient to add the latter to the flour, it will be understood that it maybe added after dough has been made therefrom. In the latter case the quantity of the Product added to the dough should be proportional to the quantity of flour employed, that is, the'quantity of the product should be ap proximately equal to the quantity of mineral matter which would be obtained from treatment of the bran obtained from the rain yielding of flour used in making the atch of dough. This proportion of mineral matter would bein the ratioof about one part to every twenty parts of flour.

By destroying the cerealin the. chemical conversion of'the starch which occurs and is evidenced in' bread, when cerealin is pres ent, by its sticky or soggy nature, is obviated.

Bread, pastry or other articles made from fiour enriched by the roduct I have dethe valuable constituents of the whole grain and possesses the elements essential to nourish thet'human body without containing the objectionable parts of the bran. "I claim as my invention 1. A concentrated extract of bran containing the constituents of bran soluble in,

water and dilute acid, and consisting chiefly of carbohydrates and albuminoids, and an edible salt formed from the solvent.

2. A concentrated extract of bran containing the constituents of bran soluble in dilute acid and consisting chiefly of carbohydrates and albuminoids and a salt formed from the solvent.

3. A concentrated extract of bran containing the constituents of bran soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid, and consisting chiefly of carbohydrates and albuminoids, and sodium chl-orid formed from the solvent.

4. A concentrated extract of bran con taining the constituents of bran soluble in water, dilute acid and dilute alkali, respectively, consistin chiefly of soluble carbohydrates and a uminoids and containing approximately 10 per cent of ash.

5. The process of extracting bran which consists in. acting on it alternately with water, dilute acid and dilute alkali, neutralizing the reagents and concentrating the mixed extracts.

6. In a process of recovering valuable constituents from bran the steps which con sistin subjecting the bran to water to dissolve certain constituents thereof, separatin the liquid from the bran thus treated, su jecting the solid matter to an acid solution, neutralizing the solution, separating the liquid from the said material and combining the separated liquids.

, 7 In'a process of treating bran, the steps which consist in extracting certain of the constituents of bran by water, then extract ing other constituents by an acid solution, neutralizing the acid in this extract, and combining the extracts.

8. The process of treating .bran which consists in extracting certain of the constituents of bran by water, extracting other con stituents by an acid, extracting still, other constituents by an alkali, and combining the extracts. I

.9. The process of treating bran which consists in extracting certain of the constitu ents of bran by water, extracting other constituents by a solution. of hydrochloric acid, neutralizing the acid of this extractby sodium hydrate, and combining the extracts.

10. The process of treating bran which consists in extracting certain of the-constituents of bran by water, then extracting other constituents by an acid solution, neutralizing the acid in this extract, extracting other constituents by an alkaline solution, neutralizing this extract with an acid, and combining the extracts.

11. The process of recovering valuable I constituents from bran which consists in subjecting the'hran to water to dissolve cer tain constituents thereof, separating the liquid from the bran thus treated, subjecting the residuum to an acid solution, sep;-

arating the liquid from the said material,

combining the separated liquids, evaporating the combined liquids to dryness, and re ducing the product to a powder.

12. The process ofrecovering valuable 5-constituents from bran which consists in 19,, the liquid from the said material, subjecting the second residuum to an alkaline solution,

separating the liquid from. said material,

combining the se arated liquids, evaporating the combine liquids to dryness, and reducing the product to a powder.

13. A dried extract of bran from which insoluble fibers have been eliminated containing soluble constituents of bran, and an edible salt formed from the solvent.

JOHN H. QUINE.

Witnesses:

H. H. Swims, RUSSELL B. GRIFFITH. 

